All about Algeria

KINGDOM of NUMIDIA

Western Numidia

Zelalsen…………………………………… ?
Gayya…………………………………c. 238-c. 220
Ozalces……………………………………..c. 220
Capussa……………………………….c. 220-c. 215
Lacumazes……………………………………c. 215
Massinissa I……………………………c.215-206 d. 148

Eastern Numidia

Sifax………………………………… < 215-202
Vermina………………………………….202-201
Archobarzane………………………………… ?

All Numidia

Massinissa (restored, in all Numidia)……….202-148
Micipsa………………………………….148-118 with…
Gulussa………………………………….148-145 and…
Mastanabal……………………………….148-145
Adherbal…………………………………118-112 with…
Hiempsal I……………………………….118-112 and…
Jugurtha…………………………………118-106
Gauda……………………………………106- < 88
Hiempsal II……………………………. < 88-c. 84 d. 60
Iarb…………………………………..c. 84-c. 82
Massinissa II………………………………..c. 82
Hiempsal II (restored)…………………..c. 82-60
Juba I……………………………………60-46

To the Roman Republic………………….46-c. 30

Publius Sittius……………………….46-44
Arabion………………………………44-33
Juba II (in Mauretania 25 BCE-23 CE)………c. 30-25 d. 23 CE

To the Roman Empire………………25 BCE-395 CE

opposed by Taqpharinat…………………………….17 CE-24

To the Western Roman Empire……………395-429

KINGDOM of the VANDALS(see also, Spain)

Gaiseric…………………………………428-477
Huneric………………………………….477-484
Gunthamund……………………………….484-496
Thrasamund……………………………….496-523
Hilderic…………………………………523-531
Gelimer………………………………….531-534

The Byzantine Empire……………………534-c. 675

 

The Caliphate……………………….c. 675-786

 

IDRISID

Established at Tlemcen (the Western Maghrib) by a brother of Idris I of Morocco.
Sulayman ibn Abdallah al-Kamil……………..786-813
Muhammad ibn Sulayman……………………..813-828
Hamdun ibn Idris………………………….828-850
Idris ibn Hamdun………………………….850-c. 880
‘Isa ibn Ibrahim……………………….c. 880-c. 900
Ahmad ibn ‘Isa…………………………c. 900-c. 903
Hasan ibn ‘Isa…………………………c. 903-931

FATAMID

The Fatamids, so named for their descent from Mohammed’s daughter Fatima, assumed the authority and title of Caliph, in opposition to the Mesopotamian Caliphate at Baghdad. See Egypt for the full sequence.
Abu ‘Abdallah as-Shi’i as-San’ani…………..901-911
Abu Muhammad ‘Obeidaalh al-Mahdi……………909-934
Abu’l Qasim Muhammad (‘Abd-ar-Rahman) al-Qa’im Bi Amr Allah…934-946
Abu Tahir Isma’il al-Mansur………………..946-953
Abu Tamim Ma’ad al-Mu’izz Li Din Allah………953-975
Abu Mansur Nizar al-Aziz Billah…………….975-996
Abu ‘Ali al-Mansur al-Hakim Bi Amr Allah…….996-1015 d. 1021

HAMMADID

Based in the central Maghrib, capital at Qal’at Bani Hammad, near Msila.
Hammad………………………………….1015-1028
Sharaf ad-Dawla al-Qa’id………………….1028-1054
Muhsin………………………………….1054-1055
Buluggin………………………………..1055-1062
al-Nasr…………………………………1062-1088
al-Mansur……………………………….1088-1105
Badis……………………………………….1105
al-Aziz…………………………………1105-1121/2 or 24/5
Yahya………………………….1121/2 or 24/5-1152 d. 1162
To Morocco (Almohads)…………………….1152-1236

ZAYYANID

Based at Tlemcen, in the western Maghrib.
Abu Yahya Yaghmurasan…………………….1236-1283
Abu Sa’id Uthman I……………………….1283-1304
Abu Zayyan I Muhammad…………………….1304-1308
Abu Hammu Musa I…………………………1308-1318
Abu Tashufin ‘Abd al-Rahman I……………..1318-1337
To Morocco………………………………1337-1348
Abu Sa’id Uthman II………………………1348-1352 with…
al-Zaim Abu Thabit I……………………..1348-1352
To Morocco………………………………1352-1359
Abu Hammu Musa II………………………..1359-1360 d. 1389
Abu Zayyan Muhammad II ibn Uthman………………1360 d. 1387
Abu Hammu Musa II (restored)………………1360-1370 d. 1389
Abu Zayyan Muhammad II (restored)………….1370-1372 d. 1387
Abu Hammu Musa II (re-restored)……………1372-1383 d. 1389
Abu Zayyan Muhammad II (re-restored)……….1383-1384 d. 1387
Abu Hammu Musa II (re-re-restored)…………1384-1387 d. 1389
Abu Zayyan Muhammad II (re-re-restored)…………1387
Abu Hammu Musa II (re-re-re-restored)………1387-1389
Abu Tashufin Abd al-Rahman II……………..1389-1394
Abu Thabit Yusuf I……………………………1394
Abu’l-Hajjaj Yusuf II…………………….1394-1395
Abu Zayyan Muhammad III…………………..1395-1400
Abu Muhammad Abdallah I…………………..1400-1402
Abu Abdallah Muhammad IV al-Wathiq…………1402-1411
Abu Tashufin Abd al-Rahman III…………………1411
Sa’id Ibn Musa……………………………….1411
Abu Malik Abd al-Wahid……………………1411-1424 d. 1430
Abu Abdallah Muhammad V…………………..1424-1428 d. 1430
Abu Malik Abd al-Wahid (restored)………….1428-1430
Abu Abdallah Muhammad V (restored)……………..1430
Abu’l-Abbas Ahmad I al-Aqil……………….1430-1462
Abu Abdallah Muhammad VI al-Mutawakkil……..1462-1469
Abu Tashufin III……………………………..1469
Abu Abdallah Muhammad VII at-Thabiti……….1469-1504
To Spain………………………………..1512-1517
Abu Abdallah Muhammad VIII at-Thabiti….1504-1517
Abu Hammu Musa III……………………….1517-1528
Abu Muhammad Abdallah II………………….1528-1540
Abu Abdallah Muhammad IX………………….1540-1541 d. 1543
Ahmad II………………………………..1541-1543 d. 1550
Abu Abdallah Muhammad IX (restored)…………….1543

To Spain………………………..1543-1544

To the Ottoman Empire…………….1544-1550

Ahmad II (restored)………………….1544-1550
al-Hassan……………………………….1550-1555
Tlemcen to the Ottoman Empire thereafter…
Note also during this chaotic period the presence of the following Barbary corsairs who attempted to establish an independent Algiers state – battling Spaniard and Tlemcen Zayyanid alike. Ultimately the did not succeed, but their efforts did focus the center of affairs in the region upon the coastal city of Algiers rather than the western inland city of Tlemcen.

Kings of Algiers

Selim al-Toumi al-Tha’alibi………………… ? -1516
Baba Aruj………………………………..1516-1518
Khidr Khair ad-Din Barbarossa…………………..1518 d. 1546
Abu al-Abbas Ahmed Belkadi…………………1518-1529
Khidr Khair ad-Din Barbarossa (restored)…….1529-1546
After the death of his older brother Aruj at the hands of the Spanish, Barbarossa was forced to secure the assistance of the Ottomans. In return for homage, he was created Beylerbey, and worked in cooperation with the Turks thereafter. He was a legendary seaman in his day – the son of a Janissary by a Greek woman in Lesbos, he carried out unremitting warfare against Christians, especially Spanish, throughout his life. Made Kapudan Pasha in 1534 he, more than anyone else, made the Western Mediterranean the "Sea of Corsairs" in the 16th and 17th centuries. 

The Ottoman Empire………………1546-1830

Pashas of Algiers

Hasan Pasha…………………………1546-1552
Salah Raïs………………………….1552-1556
Hasan Corso…………………………1556-1557
Hasan Pasha (restored)……………….1562-1567
el-Euldj ‘Ali……………………….1568-1571
‘Arab Ahmed…………………………1571-1574
Ramdane Caïd………………………..1574-1577
Hasan Veneziano……………………..1577-1580
Djaffar Pacha……………………….1580-1582
Dali Ahmed………………………….1589-1592
Kheder……………………………..1592-1595
Cha’abane Pasha……………………..1595-1598
Kheder (restored)……………………1598-1599
Mustapha Pasha………………………1599-1603
Dali Hassan……………………………..1603
Muhammad Koussa……………………..1603-1605
Mustapha Koussa……………………..1605-1607
Redhouane Bekerli……………………1607-1610
Mustafa Koussa (restored)…………….1611-1613
Hussein Cheikh………………………1613-1617
Sliman Ketania………………………1617-1618
Hussein Cheikh (restored)…………….1618-1620
Kheder Pasha (re-restored)……………1620-1623
Khousrou Charef……………………..1623-1626
Hussein Pasha……………………….1626-1633
Yusef Pasha…………………………1634-1637
‘Ali Pasha………………………….1637-1639
Hussein Cheikh………………………1639-1640
Abu Djamal Youssef Pasha……………..1640-1642
Muhammad Boursali Pasha………………1642-1645
Ahmed ‘Ali Pasha…………………….1645-1647
Yusef Pasha…………………………1647-1650
Muhammad Pasha………………………1650-1656
Ibrahim Pasha……………………….1656-1659

Agas of Algiers

Khelil Aga………………………….1659-1660
Ramdane Aga…………………………1660-1661
Cha’abane Aga……………………….1661-1665
‘Ali Aga……………………………1665-1671

MUHAMMADID Beys of Algiers

Muhammad I………………………….1671-1682
Hassan I……………………………1682-1683
Husain I……………………………1683-1689
Sha’ban…………………………….1689-1695
Ahmad I…………………………….1695-1698
Hasan II……………………………1698-1700
Mustafa I…………………………..1700-1705
Husain II Khoja……………………..1705-1707
Muhammad II Bektash………………….1707-1710
Ibrahim I……………………………….1710
‘Ali I……………………………..1710-1718
Muhammad III………………………..1718-1724
Kurd ‘Abdi………………………….1724-1732
Ibrahim II………………………….1732-1745
Kuchuk Ibrahim III…………………..1745-1748
Muhammad IV…………………………1748-1754
‘Ali II…………………………….1754-1766
Muhammad V………………………….1766-1791
Hassan III………………………….1791-1798
Mustapha II…………………………1798-1805
Ahmad II……………………………1805-1808
‘Ali III ar-Rasul……………………1808-1809
‘Ali IV…………………………….1809-1815
Muhammad VI……………………………..1815
‘Umar………………………………1815-1817
Ali V Khoja…………………………1817-1818
Husain III………………………….1818-1830

To France……………………….1830-1962

Military Commanders

Louis, Comte de Chaisne de Bourmont..July-Aug 1830
Bertrand, Comte Clauzel………………1830-1831
Pierre, Baron Berthezène…………..Mar-Dec 1831
René Savary, Duc de Rovigo……………1831-1833
Theophile, Baron Viorol………………1833-1834

Governors-General

Jean-Baptiste, Comte Drouet d’Erlon……1834-1835
Bertrand, Comte Clauzel (restored)…….1835-1837
Charles-Marie Denys, C. de Danrémont..Feb-Oct 1837
Sylvain Charles, Comte Valée………….1837-1840
Thomas Bougeaud de la Piconnerie………1841-1847
Christophe de Lamoricière, acting for Bougeaud 1845-7
Marie-Alphonse Budeau, acting for Bougeaud July-Sept 1847
Henri Eugène Philippe Marie d’Bourbon-Orleans, Duc d’Aumale…1847-1848
Louis Eugène Cavaignac…………….Feb-Apr 1848
Nicolas Anne Théodule Changarnier….Apr-Sept 1848
Viala, Baron Charon………………….1848-1850
Alphonse Henri, Comte d’Hautpoul………1850-1851
Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier……..May-Dec 1851
Jacques Louis César Alexandre, C. Randon.1851-1858

Ministers for Algeria & the Colonies

Prince Napoléon Bonaparte…………….1858-1859
Prosper, Comte de Chasseloup-Laubat……1859-1860
Governor-General
Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier (rest.)…1860-1864

Minister for Algeria & the Colonies

Edouard de Martimprey…………….May-Sept 1864

Governors-General

Patrice Maurice de MacMahon, D. de Magenta…1864-1870
Louis, Baron Durrieu, acting July-Oct 1870
Jean Louis Marie Walsin-Esterhazy, acting Oct-Nov 1870

Extraordinary Commissioners

Charles du Bouzet……………………1870-1871
Alexis Lambert……………………Feb-Mar 1871

Governors-General

Louis Henri, Comte de Gueydon…………1871-1873

Antoine Eugène Alfred Chanzy………….1873-1879
Albert Grévy, acting 1879-1881
Louis Tirman………………………..1881-1891

Jules Cambon………………………..1891-1897
Louis Lépine………………………..1897-1898
Edouard-Julien Laferriére…………….1898-1900
Celestin Jonnart, acting 1900-1
Paul Revoil…………………………1901-1903
Maurice Varnier, acting Apr-May 1903
Celestin Jonnart (restored), acting 1903-11
Charles Lutaud………………………1911-1918
Celestin Jonnart (re-restored), acting 1918-19
Jean-Baptiste Abel…………………..1919-1921
Théodore Steeg………………………1921-1925
Henri Dubief……………………..Apr-May 1925

Maurice Viollette……………………1925-1927
Pierre Bordet……………………….1927-1930

Jules Gaston Henri Carde……………..1930-1935
Georges Le Beau……………………..1935-1940

Jean Charles Abrial………………….1940-1941
Maxime Weygand, acting July-Sept 1941

Yves Chatel…………………………1941-1943
Marcel Peyrouton…………………Jan-June 1943
Georges Catroux……………………..1943-1944

Yves Chataigneau…………………….1944-1948
Marcel Edmond Naegelen……………….1948-1951

Roger Léonard……………………….1951-1955
Jacques Émile Soustelle………………1955-1956
Georges Catroux (restored)…………Jan-Feb 1956

Residents-General

Robert la Coste……………………..1956-1958
André Mutter……………………15-28 May 1958

Delegates-General

Raoul Albin Louis Salan…………..June-Dec 1958
Paul Albert Louis Delouvrier………….1958-1960
Jean Morin………………………….1960-1962

High Commissioner

Christian Fouchet………………..Mar-July 1962

Republic………………………………..1962-

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