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In the field of psychology, statistical methodology (like statistical significance testing) is being done. The methodology consists of statistical significance tests, such as t-tests. The methodology called t-test is used to compare the statistical significance of the two samples under study. Suppose one wants to compare the literacy rate of two regions. In this case, t-test methodology is useful. The null hypothesis in this methodology will be that there is no statistically significant difference between the literacy rate of the two samples drawn from region A and B. Suppose, in this methodology, that the calculated t statistic is more than the tabulated t statistic. The null hypothesis assumed in this methodology will be rejected at a particular level of significance.
A statistical methodology called ANOVA, i.e. Analysis of Variance, is used to examine the differences in the mean values of the dependent variable associated with the effect of the controlled independent variables after taking the influence of the uncontrolled independent variables into account.
ANOVA, or one way methodology, involves only one categorical variable, or a single factor. Similarly, if two or more factors are involved in the methodology, then this methodology can be termed as ANOVA n way methodology. The following two assumptions are assumed in this methodology:
- The samples drawn from a population in this methodology should be random in nature.
- The variance in this methodology should be homogeneous in nature
A statistical methodology, called partial correlation, is used in the field of psychology. This methodology is the measure of the relationship between two variables while controlling or adjusting the effect of one or more additional variables. In psychology, this methodology is useful in behavioral studies. Since psychology is a branch of social science, quantitative methodology can be done through SPSS, which is a statistical software for social sciences.
There are certain terms used in this methodology that can help in understanding this methodology in a precise manner. The term control variables used in this methodology refers to those variables that draw out variances obtained from the initial correlated variables. The order of correlation in this methodology refers to the correlation with a controlled variable. For example, first order partial correlation methodology is the one that has a single control variable.Other than quantitative methodology, there are two techniques of qualitative methodology that are used in this field. Those two techniques in this methodology are namely Delphi Process and the Nominal Group Technique. The prime objective of Delphi Process methodology is to create a reliable and creative investigation of ideas for enabling suitable information for appropriate decision making. This methodology operates as a useful communication device which in turn facilitates the formation of group judgments, which helps in retrieving the appropriate response. Nominal Group Technique in this methodology is a balanced method involving overall participation. In this methodology, the term “balanced” is used because this methodology encourages equal participation of all the group respondents. It means that this methodology involves ideas and views of a group of people rather than an individual.
The idea behind the theory of Nominal Group Technique methodology is the biggest advantage over Delphi Process methodology. This advantage also cites the major difference between the two methodologies. The difference in these two methodologies is that the information obtained using the Nominal Group methodology is more reliable because the responses were obtained from each and every participant.
